A viral infection occurs when a virus enters a host’s cells and uses them to reproduce, potentially causing cellular or tissue damage and illness.
Viruses cannot reproduce independently in the same way as living cells. They depend on host cells to replicate their genetic material and produce new viral particles.
Viral infections can range from mild, short-lived illnesses to severe or persistent diseases. Treatment depends on the particular virus and may include supportive care, antiviral medicines, or other measures.
QUICK FACT
Antibiotics do not treat viral infections. They act against bacteria and have no direct activity against viruses.
COMMONLY CONFUSED WITH
Bacterial infection — Both can cause symptoms such as fever, fatigue, cough, and inflammation, but they are caused by fundamentally different types of infectious agents.
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