The part of metabolism that breaks down larger or more complex molecules into smaller molecules, often releasing energy that can be captured for cellular use.
Catabolic reactions help make nutrients and other molecules available for energy production and other cellular processes. For example, carbohydrates can be broken down into smaller molecules that are ultimately used in pathways that produce ATP.
Catabolism does not necessarily mean that a substance is completely destroyed. Its products can become starting materials for other metabolic reactions.
QUICK FACT
Catabolism is not simply “fat burning.” The body catabolizes many different substances, including carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
COMMONLY CONFUSED WITH
Anabolism: Catabolism generally breaks molecules down, whereas anabolism uses smaller molecules and energy to build larger or more complex molecules.
SEE ALSO
- Metabolism
- Anabolism
- Cellular Respiration
- ATP
- Metabolic Pathway