Microorganism

A microorganism is an organism or biological entity that is too small to be seen clearly with the unaided eye.

Microorganisms include bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and many other microscopic forms of life. Some microorganisms live harmlessly on or in humans and can contribute to normal body functions, while others can cause disease.

Viruses are commonly discussed alongside microorganisms because they are microscopic infectious agents, although whether viruses are classified as organisms is a matter of biological definition.

QUICK FACT

Not all microorganisms are harmful. The human body normally hosts vast communities of microorganisms, many of which are harmless or beneficial.

COMMONLY CONFUSED WITH

Infectious agent: A microorganism may be an infectious agent, but not every microorganism causes infection.

SEE ALSO

Clinical & Educational Context

Discussed in Health Articles & Guides

Explore how "Microorganism" is covered across our evidence-based editorial guides:

2 Articles
Unstraight Lines

Kill Me a Little, Kill It More

Insecticides are designed to control pests, while disinfectants are used to inactivate harmful microorganisms on appropriate surfaces.
Health in the Wild

Food Packaging: Unexpected Food Safety Risks you need to know

Packaging can carry: microorganisms; dust; dirt; insects; foreign objects; cleaning chemicals; or other contaminants.